Cover Image

Comparative Effects of Argumentation and Laboratory Experiments on Metacognition, Attitudes, and Science Process Skills of Primary School Children

Jale Kalemkuş, Şule Bayraktar, Sabahattin Çiftçi

Abstract


The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the effects of laboratory experiments and argumentation-based science teaching on science process skills, metacognitive awareness levels, and attitudes towards science of 4th-grade elementary school students. In this study conducted according to the quantitative research method, a pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental design were used with two experimental groups and a control group. Students from three classes of an elementary school participated in the study (N = 98). "Science Process Skills Test", "What Do I Really Think about Science Scale", and "Metacognitive Awareness Scale" were employed to collect data for the research. The study results showed that the science process skills of the 4th-grade students improved significantly in both experimental groups, which were taught by employing experiments and argumentation. Students' metacognitive awareness levels and attitudes towards science developed in all three groups.  However, it was observed that the development was higher in the groups in which science teaching based on experiments and argumentation-based science teaching was performed, compared to the control group.

Full Text:

DOWNLOAD PDF

References


Anagün, Ş. S., & Yaşar, Ş. (2009). İlköğretim beşinci sınıf fen ve teknoloji dersinde bilimsel süreç becerilerinin geliştirilmesi [Developing scientific process skills at science and technology course in fifth grade students]. İlköğretim Online, 8(3), 843-865.

Aslan, S. (2016). Argümantasyona dayalı laboratuar uygulamaları: Bilimsel süreç becerilerine ve laboratuar dersine yönelik tutuma etkisi [Argumentation based activities in the laboratory: Effects on science process skills and attitudes towards laboratory course]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(4), 762-777.

Asterhan, C. S., & Schwarz, B. B. (2007). The effects of monological and dialogical argumentation on concept learning in evolutionary theory. Journal of educational psychology, 99(3), 626.

Aydın, Ö., & Kaptan, F. (2014). Fen ve teknoloji öğretmen adaylarının eğitiminde argümantasyonun biliş üstü ve mantıksal düşünme becerilerine etkisi ve argümantasyona ilişkin görüşler [Effect of argumentation on metacognition and logical thinking abilities in science and technology teacher education and opinions about argumentation]. Eğitim Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 4(2), 163- 188.

Aydoğdu, B., Buldur, S., & Kartal, S. (2013). The effect of open-ended science experiments based on scenarios on the science process skills of the pre-service teachers. Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1162-1168.

Bağ, H., & Çalık, M.(2017). A thematic review of argumentation studies at the K-8 level. Education and Science, 42(190), 281-303.

Bilen, K., & Aydoğdu, M. (2012). Tahmin et- gözle- açıkla (TGA) stratejisine dayalı laboratuar uygulamalarının öğrencilerin bilimsel süreç becerileri ve bilimin doğası hakkındaki düşünceleri üzerine etkisi [A study on the efficiency of predict-observe-explain strategy on general biology laboratory applications]. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 11(1), 49-69.

Kırıkkaya, E. B. (2011). Grade 4 to 8 primary school students' attitudes towards science: Science enthusiasm. Educational Research and Reviews, 6(4), 374-382.

Celep, A., & Bacanak, A. (2013). Yüksek lisans yapan öğretmenlerin bilimsel süreç becerileri ve kazandırılması hakkındaki görüşleri [Perceptions of teachers who are attending on their master’s degree regarding the science process skills and their attainment]. Türk Fen Eğitimi Dergisi, 10(1), 56-78.

Çetin, M. F., & Şahin-Taşkın, Ç. (2015). Sözlü dönütün ilkokul öğrencilerinin akademik başarı, derse yönelik tutum ve üstbilişsel farkındalığına etkisi [The effect of verbal feedback on primary school students' academic achievement, attitude towards the lesson and metacognitive awareness]. Sakarya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Degisi, 29, 39-67.

Çınar, D., & Bayraktar, Ş. (2013). Argümantasyon temelli fen öğretiminin 5. Sınıf öğrencilerinin öğrenme ürünlerine etkisi [The effect of argumentation based science instruction on 5th grade students' learning outcomes] (Doctoral dissertation, Necmettin Erbakan University, Turkey). Retrieved from https://acikerisim.konya.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.12452/782

Downing, J. E., & Filer, J. D. (1999). Science process skills and attitudes of pre-service elementary teachers. Journal of Elementary Science Education, 11(2), 57-64.

Driver, R., Newton, P., & Osborne, J. (2000). Establishing the norms of scientific argumentation in classrooms. Science Education, 84(3), 287-312.

Durmuş, J., & Bayraktar, Ş. (2010). Effects of conceptual change texts and laboratory experiments on fourth grade students’ understanding of matter and change concepts. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 19(5), 498-504.

Erenler, S. (2017). Argüman temelli sorgulayıcı araştırma uygulamalarının fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının üstbilişsel farkındalık düzeyine ve yazma becerilerine olan etkilerinin incelenmesi [The effect of Argument Driven Inquiry (ADI) method on pre-service science teachers' metacognitive awareness and scientific writing skills] (Master’s thesis, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Turkey).

Etkina, E., Karelina, A., & Ruibal-Villasenor, M. (2008). How long does it take? A study of student acquisition of scientific abilities. Physical Review Special Topics-Physics Education Research, 4(2), 1-15.

Flavell, J. H. (1976). Metacognitive aspects of problem solving. In L. Resnick (Eds.), The nature of intelligence (pp. 231-236). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Flavell, J. H. (1979). Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive-developmental inquiry. American Psychologist, 34(10), 906-911.

Freedman, M. P. (2001). The influence of laboratory instruction on science achievement and attitude toward science among ninth-grade students across gender differences. Retrieved from ERIC database (ED454070).

Gültepe, N., & Kilic, Z. (2015). Effect of scientific argumentation on the development of scientific process skills in the context of teaching chemistry. International Journal of Environmental & Science Education, 10(1), 111-132.

İpek., C., & Bayraktar, Ş. (2004). Aday öğretmenlerin fen bilimleri ve sosyal bilimlere bakışları [Prospective teachers' views on science and social sciences]. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1).

Jimenez-Aleixandre, M. P., Rodriguez, A. B., & Duschl, R. A. (2000). “Doing the lesson” or “doing science”: Argument in high school genetics. Science Education, 84(6), 757-792.

Jimenez-Aleixandre, M. P., & Erduran, S. (2007). Argumentation in science education: an overview. In S. Erduran, & M. P. Jimenez-Aleixandre (Eds.), Argumentation in science education: perspectives from classroom-based research (pp. 3-27). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.

Kalemkus, J., Bayraktar, Ş., & Çiftçi, S. (2019). Eğitimde sosyal, zihinsel ve sözlü-yazili bir aktivite: Argümantasyon [A social, mental and verbal-written activity in education: Argumentation]. Electronic Turkish Studies, 14(4).

Kanlı, U., & Yağbasan, R. (2008). 7E modeli merkezli laboratuvar yaklaşımının öğrencilerin bilimsel süreç becerilerini geliştirmedeki yeterliliği [The efficacy of the 7E learning cycle model based on laboratory approach on development of students’ science process skills]. Gazi Üniversitesi, Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(1), 91-125.

Karakelle, S., & Saraç, S. (2007). Çocuklar için üst bilişsel farkındalık ölçeği (ÜBFÖ-Ç) A ve B formları: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması[Validity and factor structure of Turkish versions of the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory for Children (Jr. MAI) - A and B Forms]. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 10(20), 87-103.

Karakuş, M., & Yalçın, O. (2016). Fen eğitiminde argümantasyon temelli öğrenmenin akademik başarıya ve bilimsel süreç becerilerine etkisi: Bir meta-analiz çalışması [The effect of the argumentation-based learning in science education to the academic achievement and scientific process skills: A meta-analysis study]. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16(2), 1-20.

Kıngır, S. (2011). Using the science writing heuristic approach to promote students understanding in chemical change and mixtures (Doctoral dissertation, Middle East Technical University, Turkey). Retrieved from https://open.metu.edu.tr/handle/11511/21489

Kipnis, M., & Hofstein, A. (2008). The inquiry laboratory as a source for the development of metacognitive skills. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 6, 601- 627.

Lazarou, D. (2010). Learning to TAP: An Effort to Scaffold Students’ Argumentation in Science. In G. Çakmakcı, & M. F. Taşar (Eds.), Contemporary Science Education Research: Scientific Literacy and Social Aspects of Science (pp. 43-50). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.

NCREL (2003). enGauge 21st Century Skills for 21st Century Learners. Retrieved from http://www.cwasd.k12.wi.us/highschl/newsfile1062_1.pdf

Newton, P., Driver, R., & Osborne, J. (1999). The place of argumentation in the pedagogy of school science. International Journal of Science Education, 21(5), 553-576.

Osborne, J., Erduran, S., Simon, S., & Monk, M. (2001). Enhancing the quality of argument in school science. School Science Review, 82(301), 63-70.

Özdener, N. (2005). Deneysel öğretim yöntemlerinde benzetişim (simulation) kullanımı [Use of simulations in experimental teaching methods]. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology (TOJET), 4(4), 93-98.

Padilla, M. J. (1990). The science process skills. Research matters…to the science teacher. Retrieved from ERIC database (ED266961).

Pell, T., & Jarvis, T. (2001). Developing attitude to science scales for use with children of ages from five to eleven years. International Journal of Science Education, 23(8), 847-862.

Roberts, R., & Gott, R. (2010). A framework for practical work, argumentation and scientific literacy. In G. Çakmakcı, & M. F. Taşar (Eds.), Contemporary science education research: Scientific literacy and social aspects of science (pp. 99-105). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.

Simon, S., Erduran, S., & Osborne, J. (2006). Learning to teach argumentation: Research and development in the science classroom. International Journal of Science Education, 28(2-3), 235-260.

Sperling, R. A., Howard, B. C., Miller, L. A., & Murphy, C. (2002). Measures of children's knowledge and regulation of cognition. Contemporary educational psychology, 27(1), 51-79.

Toulmin, S. (2003). The uses of argument (3rd Ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press.

Türkoguz, S., & Cin, M. (2014). Effects of argumentation-based concept cartoon activities on students' scientific process skills. Mersin University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 10(2), 142-156.

Ulu, C., & Bayram, H. (2014). Araştırma sorgulamaya dayalı bilim yazma aracı kullanımının üstbilişsel bilgi ve becerilere etkisi [Effects of implementing inquiry based approach known as science writing heuristic on metacognitive awareness and skills]. Turkish International Journal of Special Education and Guidance & Counseling, 3(1), 68-80.

Ulu, C. (2019). Argümantasyon Tabanlı Bilim Öğrenme Yaklaşımına Dayalı Laboratuvar Uygulamalarının Üstbilişsel Bilgi ve Becerilere Etkisi [The Effects of Argumentation-Based Science Learning Approach Based Laboratory Applications on Metacognitive Knowledge and Skills]. Uluslararası Bilim ve Eğitim Dergisi, 2(1), 11-23.

Van Eemeren, F. H., & Grootendorst, R. (2004). A systematic theory of argumentation. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Von Aufschnaiter, C., Erduran, S., Osborne, J., & Simon, S. (2008). Arguing to learn and learning to argue: case studies of how students’ argumentation relates to their scientific knowledge. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 45(1), 101-131.

Yalçın Çelik, A., & Kılıç, Z. (2014). The impact of argumentation on high school chemistry students’ conceptual understanding, attitude towards chemistry and argumentativeness. Eurasian Journal of Physics and Chemistry Education, 6(1), 58-75.

Yang, K. Y., & Heh, J. S. (2007). The impact of internet virtual physics laboratory instruction on the achievement in physics, science process skills and computer attitudes of 10th-grade students. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 16(4), 451-461.

Zeidan, A. H., & Jayosi, M. R. (2015). Science process skills and attitudes toward science among Palestinian secondary school students. World Journal of Education, 5(1), 13- 24.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jsl.v4i2.27825

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2021 Jale KALEMKUŞ, Şule BAYRAKTAR, Sabahattin ÇİFTÇİ

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Journal of Science Learning is published by Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
in collaboration with the Indonesian Society of Science Educators
Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi 229 Bandung 40154, West Java, Indonesia
Website: http://www.upi.edu
Email: js
learning@upi.edu