Cover Image

The Impact of Engineering Design-Based STEM Education on Students' Attitudes Toward STEM and Problem-Solving Skills

Gafur Şimşek, Ayşegül Üldeş, Yasemin Taş, Önder Şimşek

Abstract


The impact of engineering design-based STEM education on 9th-grade high school students' attitudes toward STEM and their problem-solving skills was examined in this study. The subject of factors affecting the heat conduction rate in solids was taught using STEM education. In an experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test, students completed a STEM attitude scale and problem-solving inventory before and after the treatment. According to the paired samples t-test findings, students' attitudes toward mathematics, engineering, and 21st-century skills increased significantly, whereas their attitudes toward science and problem-solving did not change. The eta-squared effect size suggests a high level of change for other dependent variables but only a moderate change for problem-solving skills. In light of the findings, several recommendations about incorporating engineering design-based STEM education have been suggested.

Full Text:

Download PDF

References


Akarsu, M., Okur Akçay, N., & Elmas, R. (2020). STEM eğitimi yaklaşımının özellikleri ve değerlendirilmesi [Characteristics and evaluation of the STEM education approach]. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Eğitim Dergisi, 37, 155-175.

Akçay, B. (2019). STEM etkinliklerinin anaokuluna devam eden 6 yaş çocukların problem çözme becerilerine etkisi [The effect of STEM activities on the problem solving skills of 6-year-old children attending kindergarten]. Doctoral dissertation, Yıldız Teknik University. Turkey.

Akdağ, F. T., & Güneş, T. (2017). Science high school students and teachers’ opinions about the STEM applications on the subject of energy. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 3(5), 1643-1656.

Akgündüz, D., Aydeniz, M., Çakmakçı, G., Çavaş, B., Çorlu, M. S., Öner, T., & Özdemir, S. (2015). STEM eğitimi Türkiye raporu: Günün modası mı yoksa gereksinim mi? [A report on STEM Education in Turkey: A provisional agenda or a necessity?]. http://www.aydin.edu.tr/belgeler/IAU-STEM-Egitimi-TurkiyeRaporu-2015.pdf

Asığağan, S. İ. (2019). Oyunlaştırılmış STEM uygulamalarının öğrencilerin içsel motivasyon düzeyleri eleştirel düşünme eğilimi ve problem çözme becerisi algıları üzerindeki etkisi [The effect of gamified STEM applications on students' intrinsic motivation levels, critical thinking tendency and perception of problem solving skills]. Master’s thesis, Bahçeşehir University. Turkey.

Balat, G. U., & Günşen, G. (2017). Okul öncesi dönemde STEM yaklaşımı [STEM approach in preschool period]. Akademik Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5(42), 337-348.

Beers, S. Z. (2013). 21st century skills: Preparing students for their future. STEM: Science, technology, engineering, math.

Bircan, M. A., & Çalışıcı, H. (2022). STEM eğitimi etkinliklerinin ilkokul dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin STEM’e yönelik tutumlarına, 21. yüzyıl becerilerine ve matematik başarılarına etkisi [The effect of STEM education activities on fourth grade primary school students' attitudes towards STEM, 21st century skills and mathematics achievement.]. Eğitim ve Bilim, 47(211), 87-119. http://dx.doi.org/10.15390/EB.2022.10710

Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı [Manual of data analysis for social sciences]. Ankara: PegemA Yayıncılık.

Bybee, R. W. & Fuchs, B. (2006). Preparing the 21st century workforce: A new reform in science and technology education. Journal of Research in Scıence Teachıng, 43(4), 349-352.

Capobianco, B. M. (2011). Exploring a science teacher’s uncertainty with integrating engineering design: An action research study. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 22, 645-660.

Ceylan, Ö., & Karahan, E. (2021). The Effects of STEM-Focused Mathematics Applications on Mathematics Attitudes and Knowledge of 11th Grade Students. Anadolu Journal of Educational Sciences International (AJESI), 11(2).

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Corlu, M. S., Capraro, R. M., & Capraro, M. M. (2014). Introducing STEM education: Implications for educating our teachers in the age of innovation. Eğitim ve Bilim, 39(171), 74-85.

Erden, S., & Yalçın, V. (2021). Probleme dayalı öğrenme yaklaşımına göre hazırlanan okul öncesi STEM etkinliklerinin çocukların problem çözme becerileri üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi [Examining the effect of preschool STEM activities prepared according to the problem-based learning approach on children's problem-solving skills.]. Trakya Eğitim Dergisi, 11(3), 1239-1250.

Erol, A., & Erol, M. (2022). Türkiye’de erken çocuklukta STEM Eğitimi: Araştırmalarda eğilimler [STEM Education in early childhood in Turkey: Trends in research]. Yaşadıkça Eğitim, 36(3), 590-609.

Faber, M., Unfried, A., Wiebe, E. N., Corn, J., Townsend, L. W., & Collins, T. L. (2013). Student attitudes toward STEM: The development of upper elementary school and middle/high school student surveys. In 2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition (pp. 23-1094).

Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. (2006). How to design and evaluate research in education (6th Edn.). McGraw-Hill.

Gencer, A. S., Doğan, H., Bilen, K., & Bilge, C. (2019). Bütünleşik STEM eğitimi modelleri [Integrated STEM education models]. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 45(45), 38-55.

Green, S. B., &Salkind, N. J. (2005). Using SPSS for Windows and Macintosh: Analyzing and understanding data. (4th Ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.

Güldemir, S., & Çınar, S. (2021). STEM etkinliklerinin okul öncesi öğrencilerinin yaratıcı düşünmesine etkisi [The effect of STEM activities on preschool students' creative thinking]. Erken Çocukluk Çalışmaları Dergisi, 5(2), 359-383.

Heppner, P. P., & Petersen, C. H. (1982). The development and implications of a personal problem-solving inventory. Journal of counseling psychology, 29(1), 66.

Hsu, M-C., Purzer S. & Cardella M.E., (2011). Elementary teachers’ views about teaching design, engineering and technology. Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research, 1(2), 31–39.

Karışan, D., & Yurdakul, Y. (2017). Mikroişlemci destekli fen-teknoloji-mühendislik matematik (STEM) uygulamalarının 6. sınıf öğrencilerinin bu alanlara yönelik tutumlarına etkisi [The effect of microprocessor-supported science-technology-engineering mathematics (STEM) applications on 6th grade students' attitudes towards these fields]. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 37-52.

Kavak, T., (2019). STEM uygulamalarının 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin fen ve teknolojiye yönelik tutumlarına, bilimsel süreç ve problem çözme becerilerine etkisi [The effects of STEM applications on 4th grade students' attitudes towards science and technology, scientific process and problem-solving skills.]. Master’s thesis, Fırat University. Turkey.

Kayahan, İ., Mısır, M. E., Küpeli, M. A., & Fırat, A. (2018). 5. sınıf fen bilimleri dersi yer kabuğunun gizemi ünitesinin öğretiminde STEM temelli yaklaşımın öğrencilerin problem çözme becerisi ve akademik başarısına etkisinin incelenmesi [Examining the effect of STEM-based approach on students' problem-solving skills and academic success in teaching the mystery of the earth's crust unit in 5th grade science course]. Journal of STEAM Education, 1(1), 64-78.

Kuenzi, J., Matthews, M., & Mangan, B. (2008). Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education issues and legislative options. In Nata, R. V. (Ed.), Progress in education (Vol. 14, pp. 161-189). Nova Science Publishers.

MoNE (2018a). Fen bilimleri dersi öğretim programı (İlkokul ve Ortaokul 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıflar) [Science course curriculum (Primary and Secondary School 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th Grades)]. Ankara: Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı.

MoNE (2018b). Teknoloji ve tasarım dersi öğretim programı (ortaokul 7 ve 8. sınıflar) [Technology and design course curriculum (secondary school 7th and 8th grades)]. Ankara: Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı.

MoNE (2018c). Ortaöğretim Fizik dersi (9, 10, 11 ve 12. sınıflar) öğretim program [Secondary Education Physics course (9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades) curriculum]. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı.

Moore, T. J., Glancy, A. W., Tank, K. M., Kersten, J. A., Smith, K. A., & Stohlmann, M. S. (2014). A Framework for quality K-12 engineering education: Research and development. Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research, 4(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.7771/2157-9288.1069

Moore, T. J., Glancy, A. W., Tank, K. M., Kersten, J. A., Stohlmann, M. S., Ntow, F. D., & Smith, K. A. (2013). A framework for implementing quality K-12 engineering education. In 2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, 23-46.

Moore, T. J., Stohlmann, M. S., Wang, H. H., Tank, K. M., Glancy, A. W., & Roehrig, G. H. (2014). Implementation and integration of engineering in K-12 STEM education. In Engineering in pre-college settings: Synthesizing research, policy, and practices (pp. 35-60). Purdue University Press.

National Academy of Engineering [NAE] and National Research Council [NRC]. (2009). Engineering in K-12 education: Understanding the status and improving the prospects. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.

National Academy of Engineering [NAE]. (2009). Grand Challenges for Engineering. http://www.engineeringchallenges.org/

Öcal, S. (2018). Okul öncesi eğitime devam eden 60-66 ay çocuklarına yönelik geliştirilen STEM programının çocukların bilimsel süreç becerilerine etkisinin incelenmesi [Examining the effect of the STEM program developed for 60-66 month old children attending pre-school education on children's science process skills.]. Doctoral dissertation. Yıldız Teknik University, Turkey.

Özdoğru, A. A., & McMorris, R. F. (2013). Humorous cartoons in college textbooks: Student perceptions and learning. Humor, 26(1), 135-154.

Özsoy, N. (2017). STEM ve yaratıcı drama [STEM and creative drama]. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(3), 633-644.

Öztürk, Z. D., & Çınar, S. (2022). Mühendislik tasarıma dayalı STEM eğitiminin okulöncesi öğrencilerin problem çözme becerisine etkisi [The effect of engineering design-based STEM education on preschool students' problem solving skills]. Trakya Eğitim Dergisi, 12(1), 34-56.

Pallant, J. (2007). SPSS survival manual: A setp by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows (3rd Edn.). McGraw-Hill.

Pekbay, C. (2017). Fen, Teknoloji, Mühendislik ve Matematik Etkinliklerinin Ortaokul öğrencileri üzerindeki etkileri [Effects of science technology engineering and mathematics activities on middle school students]. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara.

Şahin, C. V., & Şahin, F. (2020). Erken çocukluk döneminde bilim ve mühendislik uygulamalarının öğrencilerin karar verme ve problem çözme becerilerine etkisi [The effects of science and engineering practices in early childhood on students' decision-making and problem-solving skills]. Bilim, Teknoloji, Mühendislik, Matematik ve Sanat (J-STEAM) Eğitim Dergisi, 3(1), 1-19.

Şahin, E., & Kabasakal, V. (2018). STEM eğitim yaklaşımında dinamik matematik programlarının (Geogebra) kullanımına yönelik öğrenci görüşlerinin incelenmesi [Examining student opinions on the use of dynamic mathematics programs (Geogebra) in STEM education approach]. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(STEMES’18), 55-62.

Sahin, N., Sahin, N. H., & Heppner, P. P. (1993). Psychometricproperties of the problem solving inventory in a group of Turkish university students. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 17, 379–396. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01177661

Sayın, Z., & Seferoğlu, S. S. (2016). Yeni bir 21. yüzyıl becerisi olarak kodlama eğitimi ve kodlamanın eğitim politikalarına etkisi [[Coding education as a new 21st century skill and the impact of coding on education policies]. Akademik Bilişim Konferansı, 2016, 3-5.

Stevens, J. (1996). Applied Multivarite Statistics for the Social Sciences. 3rd edn Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: Mahwah..

Sung, E. S. & Na, S., (2012). The effects of the integrated STEM education on science and technology subject self-efficacy and attitude toward engineering in high school students. Korean Technology Education Association, 12(1), 255-274.

Uğraş, M. (2017). Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin STEM uygulamalarına yönelik görüşleri [Preschool teachers' opinions on STEM applications]. Eğitimde Yeni Yaklaşımlar Dergisi, 1(1), 39-54.

Wang, H. H. (2012). A new era of science education: Science teachers' perceptions and classroom practices of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) integration. University of Minnesota.

Yalçın, S. A., & Çakır, Z. (2022). Okul öncesi dönemde mühendislik tasarımı eğitiminin kullanılmasının öğretmenlerin gözünden değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of the use of engineering design education in the preschool period from the perspective of teachers]. Erken Çocukluk Çalışmaları Dergisi, 6(3), 558-581.

Yamak, H., Bulut, N., & Dündar, S. (2014). 5. sınıf öğrencilerinin bilimsel süreç becerileri ile fene karşı tutumlarına FeTeMM etkinliklerinin etkisi [The effect of STEM activities on 5th grade students' scientific process skills and attitudes towards science]. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(2), 249-265.

Yıldırım, B., & Altun, Y. (2015). STEM eğitim ve mühendislik uygulamalarının fen bilgisi laboratuvar dersindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi [Examining the effects of STEM education and engineering applications in science laboratory courses]. El-Cezeri, 2(2), 28-40.

Yıldırım, B., & Selvi, M. (2015). Adaptation of STEM attitude scale to Turkish. Turkish Studies- International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of TurkishorTurkic, 10(3), 1107-1120.

Yılmaz Bilir, E. (2021). Matematik ağirlikli bir STEM modülünün geliştirilmesi ve modüle yönelik görüşlerin değerlendirilmesi [Development of a mathematics-oriented STEM module and evaluation of opinions about the module]. Master’s thesis, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Turkey.

Yılmaz, C. N. (2019). STEM eğitiminin 10.sınıf öğrencilerinin akademik başarıları, STEM ve fizik tutumları üzerine etkisi [The effect of STEM education on 10th grade students' academic achievements, STEM and physics attitudes]. Master’s thesis, Pamukkale University, Turkey.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jsl.v6i3.57193

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2023 Gafur Şimşek, Ayşegül Üldeş, Yasemin Taş, Önder Şimşek

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Journal of Science Learning is published by Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
in collaboration with the Indonesian Society of Science Educators
Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi 229 Bandung 40154, West Java, Indonesia
Website: http://www.upi.edu
Email: js
learning@upi.edu
View My Stats