PNG.png)
AL-AZHAR AND MODERATE: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF ALUMNI AL-AZHAR OF EGYPT IN STRENGTHENING UMMAH UNITY IN INDONESIA THROUGH THE CONCEPT OF "WASATHIYYAH"
Abstract
Religious moderation is a discourse echoed by the Indonesian government recently in the context of an effort to stem the thoughts of radicalism, terrorism and anarchism that can destroy the integrity of the Indonesian State. Al-Azhar Egypt is one of the leading and oldest religious institutions trying to bridge the multidimensional conflict tensions triggered by religious issues with its washatiyyah concept. This article attempts to explore the role of al-Azhar West Java (PAAM) alumni in spreading the dialogue of moderation of religion in West Java and the association of this organization with Al-Azhar Egypt. The author is actively involved in conducting observations and interactive interviews with figures and alumni of al-Azhar, West Java, through the ethnographic approach. Results of the discussion show that efforts to strengthen the washatiyyah azhari concept in the West Java region are carried out by supporting work programs in several fields, namely Education, Da'wah, Research and Development, Social, Community Relations, Information Technology.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Agis, Ahmad, Mubarok Diaz, Gandara Rustam, Universitas Islam, and Negeri Sunan. 2018. “Ilam Nusantara: Moderasi Islam Di Indonesia.” Journal of Islamic Studies and Humanities 3(2):153–168.
Akhmadi, Agus. 2008. “Moderasi Beragama Dalam Keragaman Indonesia Religious Moderation in Indonesia ’ S Diversity.” Jurnal Diklat Keagamaan 13(2):45–55.
Al-Qardhawi, Yusuf. 1990. Dzāhiratu Al-Guluwwu Fī At-Takfīr. Mesir Kairo: Cairo: Maktabah Wahbah.
Al-Qardhawi, Yusuf. 1993. Syarī’atu Al-Islāmiyyah Shālihatun Lil Tathbīq Fī Kulli Zamān Wa Makān. Mesir Kairo: Cairo: Dar As-Shahwah Lil Nasyr Wa Tauji’.
Al-Qardhawi, Yusuf. 1996. Al-Ijtihād Fī As-Syarī’ah Al-Islāmiyyah. Cairo: Dar Al-Qalam.
Al-Qardhawi, Yusuf. 2001. Al-Ṣaḥwah Al-Islāmiyyah Bayn Al-Ikhtilāf Al-Mashrū’ Wa Al-Tafarruq Al-Madhmūm. Mesir Kairo: Cairo: Dar As-Syuruq.
Al-Qardhawi, Yusuf. 2007. Ushūl Al-’Amal Al-Khairī Fī Al-Islām Fī Dhaui An-Nushūsh Wa Al-Maqāsid As-Syarī’ah. Mesir Kairo: Cairo: Dar As-Syuruq.
Al-Qardhawi, Yusuf. 2008. Kalimat Fi Al-Wasatiyyah Al-Islamiyyah Wa Ma’alimuha. Mesir Kairo: Cairo: Dar As-Syuruq.
Al-Qardhawi, Yusuf. 2009. Fiqh Al-Wasathiyyah Al-Islāmiyyah Wa At-Tajdīd Ma’ālimu Wa Manārātu. Mesir Kairo: Cairo: Maktabah Wahbah.
Albo, Moshe, and Yoram Meital. 2014. “The Independent Path of Shaykh Al-Azhar Abd Al-Halîm Mahmüd.” Die Welt Des Islams 54:159–182. doi: 10.1163/15700607-00542P02.
Ali, Nuraliah. 2020. “Measuring Religious Moderation Among Muslim Students at Public Colleges in Kalimantan Facing Disruption Era.” Inferensi: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 14(1):1–24. doi: 10.18326/infsl3.v14i1.1-24.
Ammerman, Nancy. 1987. No Bible Believers: Fundamentalists in the Modern World. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
Anwar, Saeful anwar. 2018. “Geneologi Dan Gerakan Militansi Salafi Jihadi Kontemporer.” An-Nas: Jurnal Humaniora 2(1):169–184. doi: 10.36840/an-nas.v2i1.99.
Arif, Muhammad Khairan. 2020. “Moderasi Islam (Wasathiyah Islam) Perspektif Al-Qur’an, As-Sunnah Serta Pandangan Para Ulama dan Fuqaha.” Al-Risalah 11(1):22–43. doi: 10.34005/alrisalah.v11i1.592.
As-Sirjani, Raghib. 2003. Ummatun Lan Tamut Mubassyarat Fi Zaman Al-Inkisar. 1st ed. Mesir Kairo: Dar At-Tauji’ wa An-Nasyr Al-Islamiyyah.
Aviv, Tel, and Ran A. Levy. 2014. “The Idea of Jihād and Its Evolution : Ḥasan Al-Bannā and the Society of the Muslim Brothers.” Die Welt Des Islams 54:139–158. doi: 10.1163/15700607-00542p01.
Bashori, Ahmad Dumyathi. 2013. “Konsep Moderat Yusuf Qardhawi: Tolak Ukur Moderasi Dan Pemahaman Terhadap Nash.” Dialog Jurnal Penelitian Dan Kajian Keagamaan 36(1):1–18.
Bezabeh, Samson A. 2012. Review of Terje Østebø, Localising Salafism: Religious Change among Oromo Muslims in Bale, Ethiopia.
Buehler, Matt. 2013. “The Threat to ‘Un-Moderate’: Moroccan Islamists and the Arab Spring.” Middle East Law and Governance 5(3):231–257. doi: 10.1163/18763375-00503002.
Burhani, Ahmad Najib. 2012. “Al-Tawassut Wa-l I’tidāl: The NU and Moderatism in Indonesian Islam.” Asian Journal of Social Science 40(5–6):564–581. doi: 10.1163/15685314-12341262.
Crossley, Nick. 2002. Making Sense of Social Movements. Buckhingham: Open University Press.
De Koning, Martijn. 2013. “The Moral Maze: Dutch Salafis and the Construction of a Moral Community of the Faithful.” Contemporary Islam 7(1):71–83. doi: 10.1007/s11562-013-0247-x.
Damir-Geilsdorf, Sabine, and Mira Menzfeld. 2016. “‘Looking at the Life of the Prophet and How He Dealt with All These Issues.’ Self-Positioning, Demarcations and Belongingness of German Salafis from an Emic Perspective.” Contemporary Islam. 10 (2): 433-454. doi: 10.1007/s11562-016-0361-7.
Diani, M. 1992. “The Concept of Social Movement.” The Sociological Review 40(1):1–25.
Diani, Mario, and Roy Eyerman. 1992. Studying Collective Action. London: Sage Publications.
Ekawati, Ekawati, M. Suparta, Khaeron Sirin, Maftuhah Maftuhah, and Ade Pifianti. 2019. “Moderation of Higher Education Curriculum in Religious Deradicalization in Indonesia.” Tarbiya: Journal of Education in Muslim Society 6(2):169–178. doi: 10.15408/tjems.v6i2.14886.
El-wereny, Mahmud. 2018. “Reichweite Und Instrumente Islamrechtlicher Normenfindung in Der Moderne : Yūsuf Al-Qaradawis Ijtihad-Konzept.” Die Welt Des Islams 58:65–100.
Fader, Ayala. 2009. Mitzvah Girls: Bringing up the Nex Gereration of Hasidic Jews in Brooklyn. Pricenton: Pricenton University Press.
Fahri, Mohamad, and Ahmad Zainuri. 2019. “Moderasi Beragama Di Indonesia.” Intizar 25(2):95–100.
Fuad, Ai Fatimah Nur. 2020. “Da’wa and Politics: Lived Experiences of the Female Islamists in Indonesia.” Contemporary Islam 14(1):19–47. doi: 10.1007/s11562-019-00442-x.
Gräf, Bettina. 2007. “Sheikh Yūsuf Al-Qaradāwī in Cyberspace.” Welt Des Islams 47(3):403–421. doi: 10.1163/157006007783237464.
Hall, Stuart. 1986. “On Postmodernism and Articulation. An Interview with Stuart Hall with Lawrence Grossberg.” Journal of Communication Inquiry 10(2):45–60.
Haron, Zulkarnain, and Nordin Hussin. 2013. “A Study of the Salafi Jihadist Doctrine and the Interpretation of Jihad by Al Jama’ah Al Islamiyah.” Kemanusiaan 20(2):15–37.
Hasyim, Umar. 2009. Al-Amnu Fi Al-Islam. Mesir Kairo: Cairo: Dar Al-Manar.
Hatina, Meir. 2007. “Religious Culture Contested: The Sufi Ritual of Dawsa in Nineteenth-Century Cairo.” Die Welt Des Islams 1(47):33–62.
Hattemer, Richard. 1999. “Ataturk and The Reforms in Turkey as Reflected in the Egyptian Press.” Journal of Islamic Studies 1(11):21–42.
Hidayatullah, Aysha. 2014. “Review of Adis Duderija, Constructing a Religiously Ideal ‘Believer’ and ‘Woman’ in Islam: Neo-Traditional Salafi and Progressive Muslims’ Methods of Interpretation.” Contemporary Islam 8(1):75–78. doi: 10.1007/s11562-012-0213-z.
John O’Brien. 2017. Keeping It Halal: The Everyday Lives of Muslim American Teenage Boys. New Jersey: Pricenton University Press.
Kandil, Hazem. 2011. “Islamizing Egypt ? Testing the Limits of Gramscian Counterhegemonic Strategies.” Theor Soc 40:37–62. doi: 10.1007/s11186-010-9135-z.
Khufaji, Muhamad Abdul Mun’im, and Ali Ali Subhi. 2011. Al-Azhar Fi Alfi ’Am. 1st ed. Mesir Kairo: Al-Maktabah Al-Azhariyyah Lil Turath.
Klandermans, Bert. 1997. The Social Psychology of Protest. UK: Blackwell Publishers.
Konrad, Felix. 2011. “‘ Fickle Fate Has Exhausted My Burning Heart ’: An Egyptian Engineer of the 19 Th Century Between Belief in Progress and Existential Anxiety.” Die Welt Des Islams 51:145–187. doi: 10.1163/157006011X573482.
Laer, Van, and Van Aelst. 2010. “Cyber-Protest and Civil Society: The Internet and Action Repertoires in Social Movements.” Pp. 230–254 in Handbook of Internet Crime. UK: Willian Publishing Collompton.
Lazar, Aryeh. 2016. “The Moderating Effect of Religiousness and Spirituality on the Relation between Dyadic Sexual and Non-Sexual Communication with Sexual and Marital Satisfaction among Married Jewish Women.” Archive for the Psychology of Religion 38(3):353–377. doi: 10.1163/15736121-12341321.
Mandaville, P. G. 2007. Global Political Islam. London: Routledge.
Mandaville, P. G. 2014. Islam and Politics. 2nd editio. London: Routledge.
Mclarney, Ellen. 2012. “Women’s Rights and Equality: Egyptian Constitutional Law.” Pp. 109–126 in Women’s Movements in Post-"Arab Spring" North Africa.
Melluci, Alberto. 1992. Challenging Codes: Collective Action in the Information Age. Cambride: Cambride University Press.
Mentak, Said. 2011. “Aboullouz’s the Salafi Movements in Morocco (1971-2004) between Theory and Practice.” Contemporary Islam 5(2):191–202. doi: 10.1007/s11562-011-0154-y.
Olshan, Marc, Donald, and Kraybill. 1994. The Amish Struggle with Modernity. Hanover: Univeristy Press of New England.
Opwis, Felicitas. 2017. “New Trends in Islamic Legal Theory : Maqasid Al-Shariʿa as a New Source of Law ?” Die Welt Des Islams 57(1):7–32. doi: 10.1163/15700607-00571p03.
Østebø, Terje. 2014. “The Revenge of the Jinns: Spirits, Salafi Reform, and the Continuity in Change in Contemporary Ethiopia.” Contemporary Islam 8(1):17–36. doi: 10.1007/s11562-013-0282-7.
Parhan, Muhamad, and Sarah Alifa. 2020. “Analisis Metode Baru Dakwah Hanan Attaki di Era Konvergensi Media ( Studi Deskriptif Pada Akun Instagram @hanan_attaki ).” Komunida: Media Komunikasi dan Dakwah 10(2):175–196. doi: 10.35905/komunida.v7i2.http.
Parhan, Muhamad, Jenuri Jenuri, and Mohammad Rindu Fajar Islamy. 2021. “Media Sosial Dan Fenomena Hoax: Tinjauan Islam Dalam Etika Bekomunikasi.” Communicatus: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 5(1):59–80. doi: 10.15575/cjik.v5i1.12887.
Parhan, Muhamad, Risris Hari Nugraha, and Mohammad Rindu Fajar Islamy. 2022. “Model of Religious Moderation in Universities: Alternative Solutions to Liberal, Literal and Radical Islam.” Edukasia Islamika 7(1):1–23. doi: https://doi.org/10.28918/jei.v7i1.5218.
Parhan, Muhamad, Usup Romli, Mohammad Rindu Fajar Islamy, and Salima Muhammad Husein. 2021. “Media Learning Aqidah Through the Tadaruziah Waqi’iah Approach for Elementary School Students in Bandung.” Didaktika Religia 9(1):101–120. doi: 10.30762/didaktika.v9i1.3165.
Peacock, Andrew. 2020. “Practicing Islam in Egypt : Print Media and Islamic Revival.” Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Penyusun, Tim. 2013. Moderasi Beragama. Vol. 53.
Rawwas, Muhamad. 1988. “Dirasah Tahliliyyah Li Syahshiyati Ar-Rasul Muhammad.” 1–303.
Schielke, Samuli, and Late Th. 2007. “Hegemonic Encounters: Criticism of Saints-Day Festivals and The Formation of Modern Islam In Late 19th And Early 20th Century Egypt.” Die Welt Des Islams 47:3–4.
Sheikhzadegan, Amir. 2020. “From Rigid to Moderate Salafism.” Journal of Muslims in Europe 9(2):196–219. doi: 10.1163/22117954-bja10003.
Tang, Guiyao, Ji Li, and Xinran Wang. 2011. “Multimarket Contact and Firm Performance: The Moderating Effect of Confucian Culture.” Frontiers of Business Research in China 5(1):45–62. doi: 10.1007/s11782-011-0120-9.
Tavory, Iddo. 2016. Summoned: Identification and Religious Life in a Jewish Neighborhood. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Tilly, Charles. 2004. Social Movements. Colorado: Pardigm Press.
Tischler, Henry L. 2011. Introduction to Sosiology. USA: Wadsworth.
Umar, Muhammad Sani, and Mark Woodward. 2020. “The Izala Effect: Unintended Consequences of Salafi Radicalism in Indonesia and Nigeria.” Contemporary Islam 14(1):49–73. doi: 10.1007/s11562-019-00441-y.
Ushama, Thameem. 2014. “Is Islam a Religion of Moderation or Extremism? A Study of Key Islamic Teachings.” Asian Social Science 10(8):184-197. doi: 10.5539/ass.v10n8p184.
Warren, David H., and Christine Gilmore. 2014. “One Nation under God? Yusuf Al-Qaradawi’s Changing Fiqh of Citizenship in the Light of the Islamic Legal Tradition.” Contemporary Islam 8(3):217–237. doi: 10.1007/s11562-013-0277-4.
Woltering, Robbert A. F. L. 2014. “Post-Islamism in Distress ? A Critical Evaluation of the Theory in Islamist-Dominated Egypt (11 February 2011-3 July 2013).” Die Welt Des Islams 54:107–118. doi: 10 . 1163 / 15700607 - 00541P04.
Woodward, Mark. 2017. “Resisting Salafism and the Arabization of Indonesian Islam: A Contemporary Indonesian Didactic Tale by Komaruddin Hidayat.” Contemporary Islam 11(3):237–258. doi: 10.1007/s11562-017-0388-4.
You, Sukkyung, and Ji Eun Yoo. 2016. “Prayer and Subjective Well-Being: The Moderating Role of Religious Support.” Archive for the Psychology of Religion 38(3):301–315. doi: 10.1163/15736121-12341328.
Zebiri, Kate. 1991. “Shaykh Mahmud Shaltut: Between Tradition and Modernity.” Journal of Islamic Studies 2(2):210–224.
Zekrgoo, Amir H., and Leyla H. Tajer. 1980. “Leading a Moderate Life: Guidelines from Rūmī’s Mathnawī.”
Zimmerman, Katherine. 2017. America ’ s Real Enemy The Salafi-Jihadi Movement. American Enterprise Institute.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/re.v2i2.52054
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Religio Education
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Religio Education Indexed By:
.png)
.jpg)