Macronutrients, Phytochemicals, Mineral Elements, Functional Groups and Health Risk Assessment of Chrysophyllum albidum Fruit Obtained in Zaria, Nigeria.

Idongesit Edem Okon, Danlami Danzarami, Idongesit Bassey Anweting, Oladunni Nathaniel

Abstract


This study assessed macronutrients, phytochemicals, mineral elements, functional groups and health risk of Chrysophyllum albidum fruit obtained in Zaria. macronutrients (%) were 20.82 ± 0.31, 4.76 ± 0.03, 8.42 ± 0.13, 4.27 ± 0.11, 5.98 ± 0.12 and 55.27 ± 0.52 for moisture, ash, crude fibre, crude fat, crude protein and carbohydrates respectively. Phytochemical analyses of fruit extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, steroids and saponins. The concentrations (mg/kg) of mineral elements were 23.00, 17.40, 8.00, 4.50, and 3.90 for Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni and Pb respectively. Metal concentrations were higher than the Permissible Limits except for Ni (4.50 mg/kg) which was lower than the 10.00 mg/kg acceptable limit by FAO/WHO. MPI revealed strong overall metal concentration (8.7203) in the fruit, the HQ for Fe (0.0737) and Mn (0.8021) was < 1, however the HI (12.3358) was >>1. Hence, there could be health risk concerning the metals. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of hydroxyl (OH) group of alcohols and phenols, alkanes (C-H), alkynes, C=C stretch of a ketones,   C–O stretch of esters and carboxylic group and C-F stretch of alkyl group.

Keywords


Chrysophyllum albidum, Proximate Composition; Phytochemical Screening; Mineral Elements; Health Risk

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jafn.v5i2.74408

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