PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) DAN INQUIRY BASED LEARNING (IBL) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA

Yuyun Kurniasih, D. Disman, S. Sumartini

Abstract


Berpikir kritis adalah berpikir dengan jelas dan rasional yang melibatkan berpikir tepat dan sistematis, mengikuti aturan logika serta penalaran ilmiah, Sehingga dalam pembelajaran seorang siswa harus mampu memecahkan masalah, dan keterampilan dalam berpikir kritis tersebut yang berada pada ranah C4 (menganalisis),C5 (mengevaluasi) dan C6 (mencipta). Hal ini sesuai dengan teori konstruktivisme dan teori pembelajaran kooperatif, yang didalamnya menyebutkan bahwa suatu pembelajaran yang bermakna adalah  kegiatan pembelajaran aktif dan kreatif serta menumbuhkan kerja sama melalui diskusi dalam kelompok kecil. Sehingga pembelajaran tidak dapat dipenuhi olehpengajaran yang menggunakan metode tradisional, karena itu  harus ada  pergeseran dari metode teacher-centered ke metode yang lebih berpusat pada siswa (Student Centered) yang dirancang untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa dan partisipasi belajar. Penggunaan metode adalah salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Metode yang telah diklaim untuk mempromosikan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa adalah penggunaan metode Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan Inquiry Based Learning (IBL), sehingga menghasilkan suatu tujuan pembelajaran  dan menciptakan sikap ilmiah dan juga keterampilan berpikir kritis pada siswa. 

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/manajerial.v17i2.11667

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