PENGEMBANGAN MODEL ASESSMENT AUTENTIK GUNA MENILAI KETERAMPILAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH DALAM KEGIATAN PRAKTIK LAPANGAN CALON GURU BIOLOGI
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan suatu model asessment autentik yang memiliki karakter khusus dan teruji sehingga layak digunakan untuk menilai keterampilan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa calon guru biologi dalam kegiatan praktik lapangan terpadu. Penelitian ini terdiri atas tahapan Analisis Kebutuhan, Analisis Proses dan Produk Pembelajaran, Penentuan Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian, Merancang Model dan Instrumen Asessment Autentik, serta Validasi Rancangan Model dan Instrumen Asessment Autentik yang dikembangkan. Tiga tahap pertama didasarkan pada wawancara terhadap dosen pembimbing dan mahasiswa peserta, serta pengamatan langsung dua kegiatan praktik lapangan di ekosistem pantai dan pegunungan. Pengembangan rancangan model dan instrumen asessment autentik didasarkan atas hasil analisis kebutuhan, sedangkan validasi dilakukan melalui penilaian pakar dan uji coba pada kalangan terbatas. Model instrumen asessment autentik yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini meliputi penilaian ranah pengetahuan, keterampilan dan sikap ilmiah, serta memiliki validitas isi dan bentuk/susunan yang cukup memadai secara logis dan empiris untuk mengukur keterampilan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa calon guru biologi dalam kegiatan praktik lapangan terpadu. Sosialisasi aspek-aspek penilaian mendorong mahasiswa untuk menunjukkan kinerja terbaiknya, menggali pengetahuan sendiri dan lebih bersikap ilmiah selama kegiatan praktik lapangan. Keberadaan instrumen penilaian autentik ini memberi kemudahan bagi dosen pembimbing untuk menentukan ketercapaian tujuan pembelajaran mahasiswa dan menentukan bentuk tindakan bimbingannya lebih lanjut.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to generate an authentic assessment model which has tested-distinctive characteristics so that it can be used to assess pre service Biology teachers’ problem-solving skills in an integrated field practice activities. This study consists of Needs Analysis, Process and Learning Product Analysis, Study Objectives and Benefits Determination, Authentic Assessment Model and Instrument Designing, as well as Design and Instrument Validation. The first three steps are based on lecturers and participating students interview results, and also direct observation of two field practice activities in coastal and rangeland ecosystems. The authentic assessment design and instrument development was based on the results of needs analysis, while validation is done based on experts’ judgements and trials in limited audience. The model of authentic assessment instrument developed in this study includes assessment of the realm of knowledge, skills, and scholarly behavior. Moreover, its content and construct were validated as logically and empirically adequate to assess problem-solving skill. Socialization of assessment aspects encourages the students to show their best performances, explore knowledge by themselves, and be more scholarly during field practice activities. The existence of this authentic assessment instrument provides convenience for supervisors in determining student’ learning objective achievement and further guiding actions.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18269/jpmipa.v20i1.36205
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