Contrastive analysis of negation in Indonesian and Korean

Fitri Meutia, Fahdi Sachiya, Didin Samsudin, Tantri Pramudita Ningrum

Abstract


This study aims to analyze the Korean language learning in a content of This study analyzes the comparison of negation in Indonesian and Korean languages to understand the difficulties Indonesian learners face when learning negation in Korean. Indonesian and Korean share several similarities, such as the use of free morphemes for basic negation forms, which can aid Indonesian learners in grasping the fundamental structure of Korean negation. For instance, Indonesian uses the free morphemes "tidak", "bukan", and "jangan" while Korean utilizes "an(안)[not], "mot(못)[cannot], and "anida(아니다)[not (to be)]. However, this study identifies fundamental differences in morphological and syntactic aspects, such as the placement of long-form negation using bound morphemes at the end of clauses in Korean, namely "-ji anhta(-지 않다)[not] and "-ji motada(-지 못하다)[cannot]. Additionally, Korean has a specific prohibitive form "-ji malda(-지 말다) [do not]” and a double negation concept "-ji aneumyeon an dweda(-지 않으면 안 되다) [it must not be if not]”, which results in affirmative meaning, contrasting with Indonesian. These differences often lead to errors in negation usage by Indonesian learners due to negative transfer from their native language structures. Through a contrastive analysis approach, this study concludes that a deep understanding of the differences and similarities in negation between the two languages can help learners reduce errors and improve mastery of Korean negation.

Keywords


contrastive analysis; morphology; negation; negative transfer

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jokal.v4i2.76005

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