Author Guidelines
Please prepare your manuscript following the instructions for authors given below before submitting it online at below. Basically, the JoKAL journal follows the Journal Template.
Manuscripts submitted for publication in JoKAL should be between 5,000 and 8,000 words or between 15 and 25 pages long when typed in double spacing including tables and figures. The abstract should maintain a maximum of 250 words.
PREPARATION
Use of word processing software
It is important that the file be saved in the native format of the word processor used. The text should be in single-column format. Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. Most formatting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article. In particular, do not use the word processor's options to justify text or to hyphenate words. However, do use bold face, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. When preparing tables, if you are using a table grid, use only one grid for each individual table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns. The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts (see also the Guide to Publishing with Elsevier: http://www.elsevier.com/guidepublication). Note that source files of figures, tables and text graphics will be required whether or not you embed your figures in the text. See also the section on Electronic artwork. To avoid unnecessary errors you are strongly advised to use the 'spell-check' and 'grammar-check' functions of your word processor.
LaTeX
You are recommended to use the Elsevier article class elsarticle.cls (http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/elsarticle) to prepare your manuscript and BibTeX (http://www.bibtex.org) to generate your bibliography. For detailed submission instructions, templates and other information on LaTeX, see http://www.elsevier.com/latex.
Article structure
- Subdivision - numbered sections: Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, ...), 1.2, etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to 'the text'. Any subsection may be given a brief heading. Each heading should appear on its own separate line.
- Introduction: State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.
- Material and methods: Provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference: only relevant modifications should be described.
- Results: Results should be clear and concise.
- Discussion: This should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat them. A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.
- Conclusions: The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a short Conclusions section, which may stand alone or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section.
Essential title page information
- Title: Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.
- Author names and affiliations: Please clearly indicate the given name(s) and family name(s) of each author and check that all names are accurately spelled. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower- case superscript letter immediately after the author's name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name and, if available, the e-mail address of each author.
- Corresponding author. Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. Ensure that the e-mail address is given and that contact details are kept up to date by the corresponding author.
- Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a 'Present address' (or 'Permanent address') may be indicated as a footnote to that author's name. The address at which the author actually did the work must be retained as the main, affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.
Abstract
The abstract should reflect the overview of the entire content of the paper. The abstract should cover (1) background of the study; (2) objectives; (3) methods of inquiry; (4) main results; and (5) conclusion. The background of the study is recommended to address the significance of the topic being research and the statement of gap from previous research. The methods of inquiry should explain the research subjects/objects, the instruments used, and the data analysis procedure in a general sense. The conclusion should provide interpretation of the main results and give recommendations for future research. The abstract should not be less than 150 words or more than 250 words. The keywords given must represent the title and the study. The number of keywords is between three to five maximum, and they are ordered alphabetically.
Introduction
This is a ready-to-use template. The total number of words for the entire content of the paper should not be less than 5000 words or exceeds 8000 words (excluding references). Papers which exceeds 8000 words will be still considered for publication based on the Editor-in-Chief’s consideration.
The introduction section should not be less than 10% or exceeds 20% of the entire number of words. The introduction should address (1) the significance of the topic being researched; (2) the general concepts of the research variables; (3) the review of relevant previous research; (4) the statement of gap from previous research; and (5) the statement of objectives along with the formulation of the research questions. Typically, the introduction section requires a considerable of citations to support the author’s claims.
Citations should adhere to the 6th APA style. If there are two authors, use an ampersand (&). If there are three authors or more, use et al., after the last name of the first author. The following styles are used for indirect in-text citations.
Last but not least, all names cited in the paper should be highlighted in blue color along with the year, as demonstrated in the examples above.
Method
The method section should clarify and scrutinize the process of conducting the research. The portion for the method section should not be less than 20% but not more than 30% of the entire number of words. To begin this section, it is highly recommended to explain the research design along with the rationalization of every decision made.
The method section should also address (1) the research subjects or objects; (2) the instruments used; (3) the data collection procedures; and (4) the data analysis procedures. Rationales should be informed for every decision made in each point including the ethical statement during the research process.
Results/Findings and Discussion
The results/findings and discussion section should demonstrate, explain, and discuss the main research outcomes from the analysis process of the data set(s). The portion for this section should not be less than 40% or exceeds 60% of the entire number of words. This section should be divided into two sub-headings: Results/Findings and Discussion. There should be an introductory paragraph like this, pointing out what will be covered in each of the sub-headings briefly but concisely.
This sub-section should delineate and scrutinize the data analysis results. Additionally, the data displayed in a table or figure should not be restated in the following paragraph(s). The paragraph after the table or figure should provide an explanation and interpretation of the data displayed.
This sub-section should address the following points: (1) interpretation of the results/findings; (2) comparison with previous research; (3) reasons or explanation for the (un)expected results/findings supported by relevant theories; and (4) statement of significance of the results/findings.
Conclusion
The conclusion section is intended to give concluding remarks of the whole study to the readers. The portion for this section should be approximately 5% of the entire number of words.
This section should cover: (1) the restatement of research objectives; (2) the final remarks of the study (what can be inferred from the study); (3) the statement of limitation(s) of the current research; and (4) the recommendation for future research or practices.
References
References should not be less than 15. References are allowed only from: journal articles (at least 60%), books or edited volumes (at least 20%), and others (at least 5%). References taken from unofficial websites, online dictionaries, and Wikis are not recommended.
Nomenclature and units
Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI).
Math formulae
Please submit math equations as editable text and not as images. Add number for math formulae
Footnotes
Footnotes should be used sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout the article. Many word processors can build footnotes into the text, and this feature may be used. Otherwise, please indicate the position of footnotes in the text and list the footnotes themselves separately at the end of the article. Do not include footnotes in the Reference list.
Tables
Please submit tables as editable text and not as images. Tables can be placed either next to the relevant text in the article, or on separate page(s) at the end. Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text and place any table notes below the table body. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in them do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article. Please avoid using vertical rules.
References
Citation in text
Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either 'Unpublished results' or 'Personal communication'. Citation of a reference as 'in press' implies that the item has been accepted for publication.
Web references
As a minimum, the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included in the reference list.
References in a special issue
Please ensure that the words 'this issue' are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.
Reference management software
Most Elsevier journals have their reference template available in many of the most popular reference management software products. These include all products that support Citation Style Language styles (http://citationstyles.org), such as Mendeley (http://www.mendeley.com/features/reference-manager) and Zotero (https://www.zotero.org/), as well as EndNote (http://endnote.com/downloads/styles). Using the word processor plug-ins from these products, authors only need to select the appropriate journal template when preparing their article, after which citations and bibliographies will be automatically formatted in the journal's style. If no template is yet available for this journal, please follow the format of the sample references and citations as shown in this Guide. Users of Mendeley Desktop can easily install the reference style for this journal by clicking the following link: http://open.mendeley.com/use-citation-style/journal-of-aerosol-science When preparing your manuscript, you will then be able to select this style using the Mendeley plugins for Microsoft Word or LibreOffice.
Reference style
Text: Citations in the text should follow the referencing style used by the American Psychological Association. You are referred to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Sixth Edition, ISBN 978-1-4338-0561-5, copies of which may be ordered from http://books.apa.org/books.cfm?id=4200067 or APA Order Dept., P.O.B. 2710, Hyattsville, MD 20784, USA or APA, 3 Henrietta Street, London, WC3E 8LU, UK.
List: references should be arranged first alphabetically and then further sorted chronologically if necessary. More than one reference from the same author(s) in the same year must be identified by the letters 'a', 'b', 'c', etc., placed after the year of publication.
Examples:
Reference to a journal publication:
Van der Geer, J., Hanraads, J. A. J., & Lupton, R. A. (2010). The art of writing a scientific article. Journal of Scientific Communications, 163, 51–59.
Reference to a book:
Strunk, W., Jr., & White, E. B. (2000). The elements of style. (4th ed.). New York: Longman, (Chapter 4).
Reference to a chapter in an edited book:
Mettam, G. R., & Adams, L. B. (2009). How to prepare an electronic version of your article. In B. S. Jones, & R. Z. Smith (Eds.), Introduction to the electronic age (pp. 281–304). New York: E-Publishing Inc.
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